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Toxicant & Disease Database

Toxicant and Disease Database

The CHE Toxicant and Disease Database is a searchable database that summarizes links between chemical contaminants and approximately 180 human diseases or conditions. Diseases and or toxicants can be viewed by utilizing the search options below. In 2025, we have also added links to information available in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). See a full description of the database and our methodology.

See also our compilation of other Databases and Resources.

For questions or comments about the database, please contact us through our Contact form.

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Fetotoxicity (miscarriage / spontaneous abortion, stillbirth)

Causes Grouped by strength of evidence

Strong Evidence anesthetic gases ethyl alcohol (ethanol) ethylene glycol ethers ethylene oxide ionizing radiation nicotine tobacco smoke tobacco smoke (active smoking)	Good Evidence 1,1,1-trichloroethane air pollution arsenic bisphenol A carbon disulfide carbon monoxide chlorination byproducts chloroform DDT/DDE DES dibromochloropropane (DBCP) dithiocarbamates formaldehyde fungicides glyphosate herbicides hexachlorobenzene lead mercury methyl isocyanate methylene chloride N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) nitrogen dioxide organochlorine pesticides paraquat particulate air pollution (soot) pesticides phenoxyacetic herbicides solvents sulfur dioxide tetrachloroethylene (PCE) tobacco smoke (secondhand) toluene triazene herbicides triazene herbicides trichloroethylene (TCE) trihalomethanes xylene	Limited Evidence acrylamide antimony arsenical pesticides cadmium carbon tetrachloride chlordecone chromic acid cyanazine dinocap dinoseb dioxins / TCDD electromagnetic fields glyphosate hexachlorobenzene hydrogen sulfide manganese metam sodium nickel PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls), not otherwise specified pentachlorophenol (PCP) pesticides phenoxyacetic herbicides phthalates thiocarbamates vanadium

Notes

Anesthetic gases include halothane, nitrous oxide and ethane. Toluene, nitrous oxide, and ethylene oxide exposure in a male have been associated with miscarriage in the female partner. Trihalomethanes, including bromodichloromethane, are found in drinking water as by-products of disinfection (usually by chlorine). Pesticide exposure occupationally such as in farming and pesticide application in the home has been associated with spontaneous abortion and stillbirth. While some studies have investigated particular pesticides, most studies do not identify individual pesticides or classes of pesticides.

ADDITIONAL DATA: The toxicant–disease relationships shown above were last updated in 2011. The relationships shown here are still valid, but additional research has been conducted since that time. Additional research on this disease can be found at this link:

COMPARATIVE TOXICOGENOMICS DATABASE: CURATED RESULTS
Fetal Death
Abortion, Spontaneous

This link will direct your search to an external database, the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). This database is different from, and complementary to, our database.

More information about sources and methods

CHE’s Toxicant and Disease Database evaluates existing evidence and categorizes that evidence based on its strength. It is constructed using expert judgment and epidemiological causal inference.
The CTD, in contrast, is a continually updated resource that presents information on a broad range of literature on chemical-disease relationships. It also provides data on genes, biological processes, and phenotypes related to chemicals and diseases. It does not categorize information based on strength of evidence, include an expert judgment process, or draw causal conclusions about toxicant-disease relationships.
The link we have provided on this page goes directly to CTD's curated results, which are a subset of the information available through CTD. Curated results in CTD are those for which studies are available on the toxicant-disease relationship.