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Toxicant & Disease Database

Toxicant and Disease Database

The CHE Toxicant and Disease Database is a searchable database that summarizes links between chemical contaminants and approximately 180 human diseases or conditions. Diseases and or toxicants can be viewed by utilizing the search options below. In 2025, we have also added links to information available in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). See a full description of the database and our methodology.

See also our compilation of other Databases and Resources.

For questions or comments about the database, please contact us through our Contact form.

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Cardiac congenital malformations*

Causes Grouped by strength of evidence

Strong Evidence ethyl alcohol (ethanol)	Good Evidence anesthetic gases solvents tobacco smoke trichloroethylene (TCE)	Limited Evidence 1,2-dichloroethane atrazine benzene carbon monoxide chlorination byproducts ethylene glycol ethers insecticides mineral oils organophosphates pesticides rodenticides trihalomethanes

Notes

*Cardiac malformations include common truncus, transposition of the great vessels, tetralogy of Fallot, anomalies of the pulmonary valve, tricuspid and aortic valve anomalies, hypoplastic left heart, coarctation of the aorta, ventricular septal defects, atrial septal defects, interrupted aortic arch, anomalies of the pulmonary artery and an Ebstein anomaly. Trihalomethanes, including trichloroethylene, are found in drinking water as by-products of disinfection, usually by chlorine. Maternal pesticide exposure in the home or occupationally (farmers, agricultural workers) has been associated with CV malformations. Genetic polymorphisms in the solvent-metabolizing enzyme, glutathione-S-transferase, has been found to mediate the risks of organic solvents for the cardiac malformations, pulmonic valve stenosis and atrial septal defects. Cigarette smoking has been associated with CV malformations inconsistently, and in a sub-set of older mothers or those with a h/o miscarriage.

ADDITIONAL DATA: The toxicant–disease relationships shown above were last updated in 2011. The relationships shown here are still valid, but additional research has been conducted since that time. Additional research on this disease can be found at this link:

COMPARATIVE TOXICOGENOMICS DATABASE: CURATED RESULTS
Heart Defects, Congenital

This link will direct your search to an external database, the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). This database is different from, and complementary to, our database.

More information about sources and methods

CHE’s Toxicant and Disease Database evaluates existing evidence and categorizes that evidence based on its strength. It is constructed using expert judgment and epidemiological causal inference.
The CTD, in contrast, is a continually updated resource that presents information on a broad range of literature on chemical-disease relationships. It also provides data on genes, biological processes, and phenotypes related to chemicals and diseases. It does not categorize information based on strength of evidence, include an expert judgment process, or draw causal conclusions about toxicant-disease relationships.
The link we have provided on this page goes directly to CTD's curated results, which are a subset of the information available through CTD. Curated results in CTD are those for which studies are available on the toxicant-disease relationship.