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Toxicant & Disease Database

Toxicant and Disease Database

The CHE Toxicant and Disease Database is a searchable database that summarizes links between chemical contaminants and approximately 180 human diseases or conditions. Diseases and or toxicants can be viewed by utilizing the search options below. In 2025, we have also added links to information available in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). See a full description of the database and our methodology.

See also our compilation of other Databases and Resources.

For questions or comments about the database, please contact us through our Contact form.

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Hepatocellular cancer (liver cancer)

Causes Grouped by strength of evidence

Strong Evidence aflatoxin B1 (aflatoxins) aflatoxins androgens ethyl alcohol (ethanol) hydrocarbons N-nitrosodimethylamine vinyl chloride	Good Evidence arsenic bromochloroacetic captafol diclofop-methyl mepanipyrim PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls), not otherwise specified propoxur resmethrin thorium dioxide (Thorostat) trichloroethylene (TCE)	Limited Evidence 1,4-dioxane 2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6,6'-decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) acephate acifluorfen aldrin amitrole benomyl benzene bromacil bromoxynil carbon tetrachloride chloramben chlorbenzilate chlordane chlordimeform/4-COT chloroform cyproconazole DDT/DDE dibromochloropropane (DBCP) dichlobenil dichloropropene dicofol dinitrotoluenes endrin ethylene thiourea (ETU) formalin fungicides furancarboxamide furans, not otherwise specified furmecyclox halogenated hydrocarbons haloxyfop-methyl heptachlor herbicides hexachlorobenzene hydrazines iprodione isoprene lactofen lindane metam sodium methylene chloride metolachlor mirex MTBE nitrobenzene nitrofen nitrosamines organochlorine pesticides organophosphates oxadiazon oxadixyl oxyfluorofen p-dichlorobenzene PBBs pentachlorophenol (PCP) permethrin pesticides phenoxyacetic herbicides prochloraz pronamide propiconazole quizalofop-ethyl solvents TCDD tebuconazole tetrachloroethylene (PCE) tetrachlorovinphos tetrafluoroethylene tobacco smoke (active smoking) toxaphene triadimefon triadimenol triallate uniconazole vinyl bromide vinyl fluoride

Notes

+ - Group 1 human carcinogen (IARC), # - Group 2A human carcinogen (IARC), ^ - Group 2B human carcinogen (IARC). Note: many chemicals cause liver cancer in laboratory animals and the list here is incomplete. The links to propoxur, to mepanipyrim and to 2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6,6'-decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) are based on animal studies.

ADDITIONAL DATA: The toxicant–disease relationships shown above were last updated in 2011. The relationships shown here are still valid, but additional research has been conducted since that time. Additional research on this disease can be found at this link:

COMPARATIVE TOXICOGENOMICS DATABASE: CURATED RESULTS
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

This link will direct your search to an external database, the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). This database is different from, and complementary to, our database.

More information about sources and methods

CHE’s Toxicant and Disease Database evaluates existing evidence and categorizes that evidence based on its strength. It is constructed using expert judgment and epidemiological causal inference.
The CTD, in contrast, is a continually updated resource that presents information on a broad range of literature on chemical-disease relationships. It also provides data on genes, biological processes, and phenotypes related to chemicals and diseases. It does not categorize information based on strength of evidence, include an expert judgment process, or draw causal conclusions about toxicant-disease relationships.
The link we have provided on this page goes directly to CTD's curated results, which are a subset of the information available through CTD. Curated results in CTD are those for which studies are available on the toxicant-disease relationship.